Cocaine is a highly addictive stimulant. In its freebase form of crack, the drug is even more dangerous to the user because of its higher potency. While cocaine and its derivatives are becoming less prevalent, addiction is still a major issue in the United States. SAMHSA estimates that 918,000 Americans over the age of 12 used crack at least once in 2022. If you’re worried about your use or a loved one’s crack addiction, our free and confidential Cocaine Addiction Hotline at (866) 210-1303 can provide the guidance you need.
What Is Crack Cocaine?
Crack is a freebase and highly addictive derivative of powdered cocaine processed into a crystalline form. The drug is made by mixing powdered cocaine with water and baking soda or ammonia. This mixture is then heated until it forms a solid substance.
The drug was first popularized in the 1980s as a more potent and inexpensive form of cocaine. It presents as small, white or off-white rocks, which can be smoked in a pipe. Smoking crack cocaine gives users a much faster and more intense “rush” than the powdered version of the drug. However, this intense, euphoric high is short-lived and lasts only a few minutes.
Smoking crack cocaine has an almost instant effect on the brain and can cause euphoria, high energy, heightened alertness and soaring confidence levels. However, these effects are frequently followed by intense anxiety, paranoia and agitation.
The stimulant’s high potency can cause addiction even when someone only wants to “try it once.” As the high is extremely short-lived, most users experience a powerful craving for more of the drug as soon as it wears off.
Dangers of Use
Like most illicit substances, crack cocaine poses significant risks to physical and mental health. Short- and long-term usage can cause a range of acute and chronic health problems, including increased body temperature, elevated heart rate, seizures and cardiac arrest or stroke. As crack is typically inhaled, it can cause breathing difficulties and damage the lungs.
Repeated exposure to the drug leads to tolerance, meaning larger doses are needed to achieve the desired effects. However, this also increases the risk of overdosing. Prolonged use can lead to neurological complications, including memory loss and difficulty concentrating.
Addiction to this potent stimulant can have devastating effects on quality of life. Many users often prioritize the drug above all else, leading to financial problems, legal issues and being ostracized by friends and family members. It’s not uncommon for those addicted to crack cocaine to have difficulty holding down a job or to engage in criminal activity to support their habit.
Crack cocaine can induce extreme agitation, paranoia and hallucinations. In some cases, the psychotic episodes caused by the drug can continue even after discontinuing use. It can cause erratic and out-of-character violent behavior. The intense euphoria associated with crack, followed by a rapid crash, can exacerbate mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety.
Overcoming Withdrawal From Crack Cocaine
As with other stimulant drugs, detoxing from crack cocaine can be challenging and uncomfortable. When you’re in active addiction, your body becomes accustomed to the drug, so it naturally reacts when you stop taking it. Common withdrawal symptoms include intense cravings for the drug, fatigue, depression, anxiety, irritability, agitation and trouble sleeping.
Factors such as your age, sex, general health status and how long you’ve been using can influence the intensity and duration of your detox. You can expect the symptoms to peak within the first 3 days and gradually subside over 1-4 weeks. Some symptoms, such as cravings and depression, may continue for weeks or even months.
The intense discomfort during withdrawal increases your risk of relapsing. Early recovery is difficult, but with the right support, you can get through it and achieve long-term sobriety. Here are some tips to help you during those difficult early days:
- Reach out for support. Don’t hesitate to seek help from friends, family or support groups during this challenging time. Calling a cocaine helpline can offer valuable support as you’re going through detox.
- Prioritize self-care. Drink plenty of water and eat nutritious foods to support your body’s healing process. Try some gentle exercises such as walking or yoga. However, be patient and don’t push yourself. Remember, you’re healing from prolonged drug abuse.
- Avoid triggers. Stay away from the people and places associated with crack cocaine use to reduce the risk of cravings and relapse. Don’t be afraid to cut off acquaintances who might tempt you back into using. Instead, surround yourself with positive influences.
- Consider professional support. Addiction treatment programs can offer comprehensive support, including medical detoxification, therapy and counseling.
- Take it one day at a time. Be patient and kind to yourself as you navigate the challenges of withdrawal and recovery.
- Seek distractions. You may feel overwhelmed by emotions as you navigate early recovery. Keep busy with activities that distract you from cravings or negative thoughts, such as hobbies, creative outlets and spending quality time with your loved ones.
Treatment Options for Crack Cocaine Abuse
Crack cocaine is a highly addictive and challenging addiction to overcome. Treatment options often include several approaches to address all aspects of drug dependency.
Inpatient treatment programs offer intensive, round-the-clock care in a residential facility, where you can focus on recovery away from outside distractions. When you check into a rehab center, you may be offered detoxification, educational sessions, therapy and life skills training. Some treatment centers incorporate holistic therapies, such as art therapy, mindfulness meditation and recreational activities. After leaving rehab, your treatment center may offer follow-up support and direct you toward local resources to help you maintain sobriety.
People who need the flexibility to keep up with day-to-day commitments may opt for an outpatient program. Outpatient treatment can include individual therapy, group therapy, family therapy or behavioral therapy techniques, such as cognitive behavioral therapy. Treatment can help you address the causes of addiction and give you the tools you need to avoid relapse.
Most rehab centers offer or encourage participation in peer support groups, such as 12-step programs. These groups provide a safe, nonjudgmental space where you can share your experiences and receive support from people who understand what you’re going through.
Should You Call the Cocaine Addiction Hotline?
Without the appropriate support, overcoming addiction may seem impossible. The first step toward reclaiming your life from crack addiction can be as simple as making one phone call to the cocaine hotline. If you or someone you know is struggling with crack cocaine addiction, the compassionate staff manning our crack addiction hotline can help.
Available 24-7, our cocaine addiction hotline is staffed by compassionate staff ready to offer you free personalized support. Whether you want information about local support groups, outpatient programs or residential rehab, we can guide you toward the appropriate local resources. Call (866) 210-1303 today, and start the journey toward a healthier life away from crack cocaine.